Photobiomodulation — using specific light wavelengths to stimulate mitochondrial activity
Expert View
Dr. Andrew Huberman
Key points
Red (630–700nm) and near-infrared (800–1100nm) light activate cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV) — the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain
This increases ATP production in cells, reduces oxidative stress, and promotes tissue healing and repair
Evidence strongest for wound healing, skin improvement, joint inflammation reduction, and seasonal mood support
10–20 minutes per session, 5–10cm from the panel; morning sessions align with natural light cycles
Still an emerging evidence base in humans — promising but not as established as oral supplements